Effects of aging on cognitive decline and memory

Abstract

Aging is a complex biological process that significantly impacts cognitive function and memory, leading to a decline in mental acuity. This research investigates the relationship between aging and cognitive decline, focusing on the mechanisms underlying memory impairment in older adults. Various factors contribute to cognitive decline, including neurodegeneration, changes in brain structure, and alterations in neurotransmitter systems. The study reviews existing literature on age-related changes in memory, particularly episodic and working memory, and examines how these changes affect daily functioning and quality of life. Additionally, the role of lifestyle factors, such as physical activity, diet, and social engagement, in mitigating cognitive decline is explored. Findings suggest that while aging is associated with a decline in certain cognitive functions, interventions can enhance cognitive resilience and memory performance in elderly populations. This research aims to provide insights into potential strategies for preserving cognitive health in aging individuals.

Keywords: aging, cognitive decline, memory, neurodegeneration, brain structure, neurotransmitter systems, lifestyle factors, cognitive resilience.